Ricardo Pérez Montfort, pioneering historian of Mexican identity, dies at 72

Ricardo Pérez Montfort, one of Mexico's most respected historians, has died at the age of 72. His passing was confirmed on Tuesday by leading academic institutions, including the Colegio de México and the University of Mexico Review. Pérez Montfort's work reshaped how scholars and the public understand Mexican identity and nationalism in the 20th century.

Pérez Montfort dedicated much of his career to examining how stereotypes of Mexicanness were built and used. His research focused on the charro—the iconic Mexican cowboy figure—and its role in shaping national identity after the Revolution. By analysing films, photographs, music, and literature, he showed how the state crafted a unified image of Mexico, often simplifying complex realities.

One of his most influential studies challenged the myths surrounding the *charro* as a symbol of post-Revolutionary pride. His findings sparked debates around the 2010 centennial of the Mexican Revolution, leading to reforms in national symbols. The *charro* imagery on currency and monuments was reconsidered, and policymakers, alongside leftist intellectuals, began questioning official narratives of nationalism. Beyond cultural studies, Pérez Montfort wrote a celebrated biography of Lázaro Cárdenas, Mexico's former president. Unlike traditional portrayals, his book captured Cárdenas in full—both as a political leader and a flawed human being. This nuanced approach became a model for later historians exploring Mexico's political past.

Pérez Montfort's interdisciplinary methods and sharp analysis left a lasting mark on Mexican scholarship. His work not only deepened the understanding of national identity but also influenced policy and public discourse. Institutions and researchers will continue to draw on his insights for years to come.