Ak-Iriy: Kazakhstan's Hidden Window into the Saka Civilization

The archaeological complex of Ak-Iriy lies in the Kyzylzhar District of Northern Kazakhstan. It is one of the most significant early Iron Age sites in the region, dating back to the 5th century BCE during the era of the Saka tribes. The settlement also holds the distinction of being the northernmost Saka-era site in Kazakhstan. Archaeologists first identified Ak-Iriy in 1968 under the leadership of Anatoly Pleshakov. The site’s strategic location made it a vital link between steppe and forest peoples, with trade routes and cultural exchanges converging there. Its defences included steep cliffs on three sides and a moat, embankment, and palisade on the fourth.

Systematic excavations began in 2003 and have continued every year since. Teams from Kozybayev University lead the work, uncovering remnants of dwellings, pottery workshops, and large metallurgical furnaces. Students at the site gain hands-on experience in excavation, artifact documentation, and the analysis of cultural layers, offering them a direct connection to life 2,500 years ago. Ak-Iriy remains an active centre for research and learning. The ongoing digs provide valuable insights into the Saka civilisation. They also give students the opportunity to develop practical archaeological skills at a historically rich location.