Ancient Kazakh site reveals lost trade hub of the Silk Road era

The Karakabak archaeological site in Kazakhstan’s Mangystau Region has revealed new insights into ancient trade and industry. Discovered in 2006, the settlement dates back to the 1st to 6th century CE and has since become a focal point for historical research. Excavations at Karakabak began in 2022 under the A.Kh. Margulan Institute of Archaeology. The site has yielded over 150 coins from regions such as Parthia, Sassanian Iran, and China, confirming its role in connecting East and West. Researchers also found evidence of advanced metallurgy, jewellery-making, glass production, and ceramics, proving its importance as an industrial and trading hub.

A recently unearthed jug from the 6th century CE adds to the growing list of discoveries. The findings support the idea that Karakabak was a key hub for the Azov-Caspian trade corridor, previously unknown to historians. Scholars are now investigating a possible link between Karakabak and Aspabota, a city mentioned on Ptolemy’s map.

The site’s significance is further highlighted by over 24 academic works, including three monographs and nine peer-reviewed articles, published based on the excavations. Karakabak’s discoveries confirm Mangystau’s historical role in trade between East and West. The site’s industrial and artisan evidence, along with the diverse coins, provides concrete proof of its past importance. Research continues to expand understanding of this ancient settlement.