China's Taipingling 2 nuclear reactor achieves criticality in clean energy push

China has taken a significant step in expanding its nuclear energy capacity. The National Nuclear Safety Administration (NNSA) granted a 40-year operating licence for Taipingling 2 on 30 April, marking progress for the site in Guangdong province. The Taipingling plant is set to house six Hualong One (HPR1000) reactors, with a total investment surpassing CNY120 billion (USD17 billion). Unit 2 is the second of these planned reactors.

On 3 May, the first nuclear fuel loading for Taipingling 2 was completed. This was followed by the official signing of the first criticality control point at 09:45 local time on 24 June. The reactor, with a net capacity of 1,116 MWe, achieved its first sustained chain reaction at 00:22 on 25 June, reaching criticality for the first time. China General Nuclear (CGN) stated this milestone lays the groundwork for the unit’s grid connection and future operation.

Once fully operational, the plant’s six units are expected to generate over 55 billion kilowatt-hours annually. This will cut standard coal use by about 16.65 million tonnes and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by roughly 50.82 million tonnes each year. The licence approval, fuel loading, and criticality achievements mark key stages for Taipingling 2. The reactor’s operation will contribute to the plant’s long-term energy and environmental goals. The project remains on track for further development and integration into the grid.