New Model Predicts Neutrino Emissions from Blazars with Unprecedented Precision

A team of researchers has developed a new method to model neutrino emissions from blazars. The study, led by Francesco Carenini and Matteo Cerruti, focuses on High-frequency-peaked BL Lacs (HBLs) and uses the LeHa-Paris code to predict neutrino fluxes. The work began with a detailed model of PKS 2155-304, a well-known HBL. This model served as a foundation for creating neutrino flux templates applicable to all HBLs. The optimised version for PKS 2155-304 predicts a peak in the all-flavour neutrino spectrum.

The LeHa-Paris code operates as a steady-state numerical model. It calculates photon and neutrino emissions from relativistic electrons and protons within a spherical region inside a relativistic jet. To simplify the complex jet structure, the team adopted a one-zone emission model.

The authors propose using these models in stacking analyses with data from next-generation telescopes such as KM3NeT/ARCA. This approach aims to enhance the identification of high-energy neutrino sources. The research provides a robust framework for modelling neutrino emission from HBLs. It also offers a clear pathway for detecting additional blazar neutrino sources. The methodology could improve future observations and analyses in astrophysics.