Royal Navy Tests Autonomous Aircraft for Future Carrier Operations

The Royal Navy is testing new ways to expand the capabilities of its Queen Elizabeth Class aircraft carriers. Trials are currently underway to integrate both fixed and rotary-wing aircraft, with a focus on autonomous systems. These developments form part of a broader effort to modernise naval aviation under the Hybrid Air Wing model. One key area of exploration involves Fixed Wing Autonomous Collaborative Platforms (ACPs). These uncrewed aircraft are being considered to support the Royal Navy's F-35B Lightning jets. The Ministry of Defence is actively assessing how such platforms could enhance operations, though no final procurement decisions have been made.

The Royal Navy is also examining the potential for autonomous aircraft to handle air-to-air refuelling. This capability would allow uncrewed systems to extend the range and endurance of manned jets. While still in development, the service is working alongside the Royal Air Force to evaluate possible solutions.

Another focus is the Carrier Onboard Delivery (COD) role, where autonomous aircraft could transport essential supplies to and from carriers at sea. This aligns with the Hybrid Air Wing concept, which blends crewed and uncrewed operations. Project Vanquish, a current demonstrator programme, is testing a short take-off and landing jet-powered autonomous aircraft designed to operate from Queen Elizabeth Class carriers.

Investment decisions to support these initiatives will feed into the Defence Investment Plan, shaped by recommendations from the Strategic Defence Review. However, no firm in-service dates have been set for autonomous refuelling or COD capabilities. The Royal Navy's trials mark a step toward integrating autonomous aircraft into carrier operations. Both refuelling and logistics roles are under active assessment, with collaboration between the navy and air force ongoing. Final procurement and deployment timelines will depend on further testing and funding decisions.